
Hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokahe i ka bile mai ke kahawai biliary i ālai ʻia ma o Naso.
| Hoʻohālike | OD (mm) | Ka lōʻihi (mm) | ʻAno Hopena Poʻo | Wahi Noi |
| ZRH-PTN-A-7/17 | 2.3 (7FR) | 1700 | Ua waiho ʻia he | ʻAla o ke akepaʻa |
| ZRH-PTN-A-7/26 | 2.3 (7FR) | 2600 | Ua waiho ʻia he | |
| ZRH-PTN-A-8/17 | 2.7 (8FR) | 1700 | Ua waiho ʻia he | |
| ZRH-PTN-A-8/26 | 2.7 (8FR) | 2600 | Ua waiho ʻia he | |
| ZRH-PTN-B-7/17 | 2.3 (7FR) | 1700 | ʻĀkau a | |
| ZRH-PTN-B-7/26 | 2.3 (7FR) | 2600 | ʻĀkau a | |
| ZRH-PTN-B-8/17 | 2.7 (8FR) | 1700 | ʻĀkau a | |
| ZRH-PTN-B-8/26 | 2.7 (8FR) | 2600 | ʻĀkau a | |
| ZRH-PTN-D-7/17 | 2.3 (7FR) | 1700 | Huelo puaʻa a | ʻAuwai Bile |
| ZRH-PTN-D-7/26 | 2.3 (7FR) | 2600 | Huelo puaʻa a | |
| ZRH-PTN-D-8/17 | 2.7 (8FR) | 1700 | Huelo puaʻa a | |
| ZRH-PTN-D-8/26 | 2.7 (8FR) | 2600 | Huelo puaʻa a | |
| ZRH-PTN-A-7/17 | 2.3 (7FR) | 1700 | Ua waiho ʻia he | ʻAla o ke akepaʻa |
| ZRH-PTN-A-7/26 | 2.3 (7FR) | 2600 | Ua waiho ʻia he | |
| ZRH-PTN-A-8/17 | 2.7 (8FR) | 1700 | Ua waiho ʻia he | |
| ZRH-PTN-A-8/26 | 2.7 (8FR) | 2600 | Ua waiho ʻia he | |
| ZRH-PTN-B-7/17 | 2.3 (7FR) | 1700 | ʻĀkau a |
ʻO ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka pelu ʻana a me ka deformation,
maʻalahi ke hana.
ʻO ka hoʻolālā poepoe o ka piko e pale aku i nā pilikia o ke kahakaha ʻana o nā ʻiʻo i ka wā e hele ana ma o endoscope.
Puka ʻaoʻao he nui, lua kūloko nui, hopena hoʻokahe maikaʻi.
He laumania ka ʻili o ka paipu, palupalu a paʻakikī hoʻi, e hōʻemi ana i ka ʻeha o ka mea maʻi a me ka manaʻo o ke kino haole.
ʻO ka plasticity maikaʻi loa ma ka hopena o ka papa, e pale ana i ka paheʻe.
E ʻae i ka lōʻihi i hoʻopilikino ʻia.
ʻO ka hoʻokahe ʻana o ka nasobiliary endoscopic kahi hana i hōʻike ʻia no ka cholangitis obstructive suppurative acute, ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka pōhaku a me ka maʻi bile duct ma hope o ka ERCP a i ʻole ma hope o ka lithotripsy. ʻO ka pancreatitis biliary acute, a pēlā aku.
He lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono ka Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) no nā maʻi biliary a me ka pancreatic e like me ka obstructive jaundice a me ka acute suppurative cholangitis. Hoʻohana kēia ʻano hana i kahi endoscope, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hana makapō i kahi hana pololei, a hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka wahi hana ma o ka pale TV. Hoʻokahe wai, akā ʻo ka holoi ʻana i ke kahawai bile a me ka cholangiography hou.