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Lapaʻau ʻana i nā pōhaku ERCP paʻakikī

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pōhaku bile i nā pōhaku maʻamau a me nā pōhaku paʻakikī. I kēia lā e aʻo nui mākou pehea e wehe ai i nā pōhaku bile duct i paʻakikī ke hanaERCP.

ʻO ka "paʻakikī" o nā pōhaku paʻakikī ma muli o ke ʻano paʻakikī, kahi kūpono ʻole, paʻakikī a me ka pilikia o ka wehe ʻana. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia meERCPno nā ʻōpū bile duct, ua like a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia. I ka wā e loaʻa ai nā pilikia i kēlā me kēia lāERCPhana, pono mākou e hoʻolako i ko mākou mau manaʻo me ka ʻike a e ʻae i ko mākou noʻonoʻo e hoʻololi i ko mākou mau mākaukau e kū i nā pilikia.

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01 Hoʻohālikelike etiological o "nā pōhaku paʻakikī"

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pōhaku paʻakikī i nā pūʻulu pōhaku, nā hui abnormality anatomical, nā hui maʻi kūikawā a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili ana i kā lākou kumu.

① Hui pōhaku

ʻO nā mea nui e pili ana i nā pōhaku bile duct nui, nā pōhaku kiʻekiʻe (nā pōhaku slam), nā pōhaku intrahepatic, a me nā pōhaku i hoʻopili ʻia (paʻakikī e AOSC). ʻO kēia nā kūlana a pau e paʻakikī ai ka wehe ʻana i nā pōhaku a koi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo mua.

Nui loa ka pōhaku (diameter >1.5 cm). ʻO ka paʻakikī mua i ka wehe ʻana i ka pōhaku ʻaʻole hiki ke wehe ʻia a wāwahi ʻia ka pōhaku e nā mea komo. ʻO ka lua o ka paʻakikī, ʻaʻole hiki ke wehe a haki ʻia ka pōhaku ma hope o ka wehe ʻana. Pono ka ʻiliʻili pilikia i kēia manawa.

· ʻAʻole pono e lawe māmā ʻia nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi. Hiki i nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi ke neʻe a holo i loko o ke akepaʻa, a paʻakikī ke ʻimi a uhi ʻia nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi, no laila paʻakikī ke mālama ʻia me ka lāʻau endoscopic.

No nā pōhaku piha piha i ka bile,ERCPlōʻihi loa ka wehe ʻana i ka pōhaku a maʻalahi ka paʻahao. Pono ka ʻoki ʻana no ka wehe ʻana i nā pōhaku.

②Anatomical abnormalities

ʻO nā mea ʻino kino e pili ana i ka distortion bile duct, Mirrizi syndrome, a me nā mea ʻino i ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa a me ka puka o ka bile duct. ʻO ka Peripapillary diverticula kekahi maʻamau anatomic abnormality.

· Ma hope o ke kaʻina LC, ʻano ʻino ke ʻano o ka ʻāʻau bile a wili ʻia ka ʻāʻau bile. I ka wāERCPʻO ka uea alakaʻi he "maʻalahi ke kau i lalo akā ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke kau ʻana" (ua hāʻule i waho ma hope o ka piʻi ʻana i luna), no laila ke kau ʻia ka uea alakaʻi, pono e mālama ʻia i mea e pale ai i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka uea alakaʻi a hāʻule i waho o ka pahu bile.

· ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Mirizz kahi maʻi anatomical hiki ke nalo a nānā ʻole ʻia. Noʻonoʻo hihia: Ma hope o ke kaʻina LC, ua hoʻopaʻa ka mea maʻi me nā pōhaku duct cystic i ka duct bile maʻamau, e hoʻoulu ai i ka maʻi Mirrizz. ʻAʻole hiki ke wehe ʻia nā pōhaku ma lalo o ka nānā X-ray. I ka hopena, ua hoʻoholo ʻia ka pilikia ma hope o ka ʻike a me ka wehe ʻana ma lalo o ka ʻike maka me eyeMAX.

· NoERCPʻO ka wehe ʻana i nā pōhaku bile duct i nā maʻi maʻi ma hope o ka hana ʻana o Bi II, ʻo ke kī ke hiki i ka nipple ma o ka laulā. I kekahi manawa, lōʻihi ka manawa (e koi ana i ka noʻonoʻo ikaika) a hiki i ka nipple, a inā ʻaʻole mālama maikaʻi ʻia ke alakaʻi, hiki ke puka maʻalahi.

③Nā kūlana ʻē aʻe

ʻO ka diverticulum peripapillary i hui pū ʻia me nā pōhaku bile duct he mea maʻamau. ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka hana i kēia manawa ʻo ka pilikia o ka ʻoki ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana. ʻOi aku kēia pilikia no nā nipples i loko o ka diverticulum, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pilikia no nā nipples kokoke i ka diverticulum.

I kēia manawa, pono nō hoʻi e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui. ʻO ke kumu maʻamau o ka hoʻonui ʻana ʻo ia ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pōʻino e pono ai e wehe i nā pōhaku. ʻO ka pōʻino liʻiliʻi ʻo ia ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi. I kēia mau lā, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka hoʻonui baluna (CRE) o ka nipple a puni ka diverticula e pale aku i ka EST.

ʻO nā maʻi me nā maʻi hematological, ka hana cardiopulmonary hiki ʻole ke ʻaeERCP, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻāʻī o ke kuamoʻo ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻae i ka waiho ʻana i ka waiho ʻana no ka manawa lōʻihi e pono e nānā a loiloi ʻia i ka wā e hālāwai ai me nā pōhaku paʻakikī.m

02 ʻO ka noʻonoʻo o ke alo ʻana i nā "pōhaku paʻakikī"

ʻO ka noʻonoʻo hewa i ka wā e kū ana i nā "pōhaku paʻakikī": ka manaʻoʻiʻo a me ka kūleʻa, ka noʻonoʻo ʻole, ka hoʻowahāwahā pre-operative, etc.

· ʻO ke kuko a me ke aloha i nā hana nui

Ke kū nei mākou i nā pōhaku bile duct, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pōhaku, makemake mau mākou e kāpae i nā pōhaku āpau. He ʻano "makemake" kēia a he lanakila nui.

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, pololei ka lawe ʻana i ka mea holoʻokoʻa a me ka maʻemaʻe, akā ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe i nā koina āpau he "kūpono", ʻaʻole palekana a lawe mai i nā pilikia a me nā pilikia. Pono e hoʻoholo piha ʻia nā pōhaku ʻawaʻawa bile ma muli o ke kūlana o ka mea maʻi. I nā hihia kūikawā, pono e hoʻokomo a wehe ʻia ka paipu i loko o nā pūʻulu.

Ke paʻakikī ka wehe ʻana i nā pōhaku nui o ka bile no ka manawa pōkole, hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka "stent dissolution". Mai hoʻoikaika i ka wehe ʻana i nā pōhaku nui, a mai hoʻokomo iā ʻoe iho i kahi kūlana weliweli loa.

· hoʻohalahala

ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻo ka hana makapō me ka ʻole o ka nānā ʻana a me ka noiʻi e alakaʻi pinepine i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka pōhaku. No laila, pono e nānā pono ʻia nā hihia o nā pōhaku bile duct ma mua o ka hana ʻana, e loiloi pono ʻia (e koi ana i ka hikiERCPnā kauka e heluhelu i nā kiʻi), pono e hana ʻia nā hoʻoholo akahele a me nā hoʻolālā pilikia e pale ai i ka wehe ʻia ʻana o nā pōhaku i manaʻo ʻole ʻia.

ʻO kaERCPʻO ka hoʻolālā hoʻoheheʻe pōhaku pono e ʻepekema, pahuhopu, ākea, a hiki ke kū i ka nānā ʻana a me ka noʻonoʻo. Pono mākou e mālama i ke kumumanaʻo o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pōmaikaʻi o ka maʻi a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻopaʻapaʻa.

· hoʻowahāwahā

ʻO nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka bile duct he maʻalahi ke nānā ʻole. Inā pilikia nā pōhaku liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka pahu bile a me kāna puka, paʻakikī loa ka wehe ʻana i ka pōhaku.

ERCPʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā pōhaku bile duct he nui nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā pilikia kiʻekiʻe. He mea paʻakikī a paʻakikī paha e like me ke kiʻekiʻe aʻeERCPka lapaʻau ʻana i nā maʻi ʻōpū bile. No laila, inā ʻaʻole ʻoe e lawe maʻalahi, e waiho ʻoe iā ʻoe iho i kahi ala e pakele ai.

03 Pehea e hana ai me nā "pōhaku paʻakikī"

I ka wā e hālāwai ai me nā pōhaku paʻakikī, pono e hana ʻia kahi loiloi piha o ka mea maʻi, pono e hoʻonui ʻia, ahīnaʻi kiʻi pōhakuPono e koho ʻia a hoʻomākaukau ʻia kahi lithotripter, a pono e hoʻolālā ʻia kahi hoʻolālā prefabricated a me ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau.

Ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa, pono e loiloi ʻia nā mea maikaʻi a me nā pōʻino ma muli o ke kūlana o ka mea maʻi ma mua o ka hoʻomau ʻana.

· Ke wehe ʻana i ka hana

ʻO ka nui o ka wehe ʻana e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka pōhaku i ʻimi ʻia a me ka bile duct. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hoʻohana ʻia ka incision liʻiliʻi + dilation nui (medium) e hoʻonui i ka wehe. I ka wā EST, pono e pale i ka nui o waho a me ka liʻiliʻi i loko.

Ke ʻike ʻole ʻoe, maʻalahi ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻoki "nui ma waho akā liʻiliʻi ma loko", ʻo ia hoʻi, nānā nui ka nipple ma waho, akā ʻaʻohe ʻoki i loko. ʻO kēia ka mea e hāʻule ai ka wehe ʻana i ka pōhaku.

I ka hana ʻana i ka ʻoki EST, pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka "kakaka pāpaʻu a me ka ʻoki lohi" no ka pale ʻana i ka ʻoki zipper. Pono ka ʻoki ʻana e like me ka wikiwiki o kēlā me kēia ʻoki. ʻAʻole pono ka pahi e "noho mālie" i ka wā o ka ʻoki ʻana i mea e pale ai i ka hoʻopilikia ʻana o ka nipple a me ka maʻi pancreatitis. .

· Hoʻoponopono i ka loiloi o ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa a me ka lawe ʻana aku

Pono nā pōhaku aʻa bile maʻamau i ka loiloi ʻana i ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa a me ka puka waho o ka ʻawa bile maʻamau. Pono e loiloi ʻia nā pae ʻelua. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea ʻelua e hoʻoholo i ka pilikia a me ka paʻakikī o ke kaʻina hana ʻoki nipple.

· Lithotripsy pilikia

Pono e mālama ʻia me ka lithotripter pilikia (emergency lithotripter) i nā pōhaku nunui a paʻakikī.

Hiki ke wāwahi ʻia nā pōhaku puaʻa bile i ʻāpana, a hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia ka hapa nui o nā pōhaku cholesterol paʻakikī ma kēia ala. Inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka hāmeʻa ma hope o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana, a ʻaʻole hiki i ka lithotripter ke wāwahi i nā pōhaku, he "paʻakikī" maoli ia. I kēia manawa, pono paha ka eyeMAX e ʻike pololei a mālama i nā pōhaku.

'Ōlelo Aʻo: Mai hoʻohana i ka lithotripsy ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa a me ka puka ʻana o ka duct bile maʻamau. Mai hoʻohana i ka lithotripsy piha i ka wā lithotripsy, akā waiho i kahi lumi no ia. Pilikia ka lithotripsy pilikia. I ka wā lithotripsy pilikia, ʻaʻole kūlike ke koʻi hope me ka axis duct bile, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka haʻalulu e hoʻohua ai.

· Pōhaku hoʻoheheʻe stent

Inā nui ka pōhaku a paʻakikī hoʻi e wehe, hiki iā ʻoe ke noʻonoʻo i ka dissolution stent - ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kau ʻana i kahi stent plastic. E kali a emi ka pōhaku ma mua o ka wehe ʻana i ka pōhaku, a laila kiʻekiʻe loa ka lanakila.

· Nā pōhaku intrahepatic

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā kauka ʻōpio me ka ʻike liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole e hana i ka mālama endoscopic o nā pōhaku intrahepatic bile duct. No ka mea, ʻaʻole hiki ke paʻa ʻia nā pōhaku ma kēia wahi a i ʻole e holo hohonu a pale i ka hana hou ʻana, pilikia loa ke alanui a haiki.

· ʻO nā pōhaku ʻawaʻawa i hui pū ʻia me ka diverticulum peripapillary

Pono e loiloi i ka pilikia a me ka manaʻolana o ka hoʻonui. He kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia o ka perforation EST, no laila ke koho ʻia ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui baluna. ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻonuiʻana e lawa wale nō e wehe i ka pōhaku. Pono e lohi ka hoʻonui ʻana i kēlā me kēia pae, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻonui ʻana. Hoʻonui ka syringe i ka makemake. Inā loaʻa ke koko ma hope o ka dilation, pono ka mālama kūpono.

ʻO mākou, ʻo Jiangxi Zhuoruihua Medical Instrument Co., Ltd., he mea hana ma Kina i mea kūikawā i nā mea hoʻohana endoscopic, e like mebiopsy forceps,hemoclip,pahele polyp,nila sclerotherapy,pāpaʻi pāpaʻi,cytology brushes,uea alakaʻi,hīnaʻi kiʻi pōhaku,nasal biliary drainage catheter etc. i hoohana nui ia maEMR,ESD,ERCP. ʻO kā mākou huahana i hōʻoia ʻia ʻo CE, a ua hōʻoia ʻia kā mākou mea kanu. Ua lawe ʻia kā mākou waiwai i ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, Middle East a me kahi hapa o Asia, a loaʻa nui i ka mea kūʻai aku o ka ʻike a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi!


Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-26-2024