I ka makahiki 2017, ua hāpai ka World Health Organization i ka hoʻolālā o"ʻike mua, hōʻoia mua, a me ka mālama mua", i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomanaʻo i ka lehulehu e makaʻala i nā hōʻailona ma mua. Ma hope o nā makahiki o ke kālā maoli lapaʻau,ua lilo kēia mau hoʻolālā ʻekolu i ke ala kūpono loa e pale aku ai i ka maʻi kanesa.
Wahi a ka "Global Cancer Report 2020" i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka WHO, ua wānana ʻia e piʻi aʻe ka nui o nā maʻi kanesa hou ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i 30.2 miliona i ka makahiki 2040 a e hiki aku ka nui o nā make i 16.3 miliona.
I ka makahiki 2020, e loaʻa ana he 19 miliona mau maʻi kanesa hou ma ka honua.I kēlā manawa, ʻo nā maʻi kanesa nui ʻekolu me ka nui loa o nā maʻi kanesa ma ka honua: ʻo ia ka maʻi kanesa umauma (22.61 miliona), ka maʻi kanesa māmā (2.206 miliona), ka colon (19.31 miliona), a me ke kanesa ʻōpū i helu ʻia ma ka lima me 10.89 miliona.ma ka helu o nā maʻi kanesa hou, ʻo ke kanesa colon a me ke kanesa gastric he 15.8% o nā maʻi kanesa hou āpau.
E like me kā kākou e ʻike nei, ʻo ke ala Manhua e pili ana mai ka waha a i ka puka ānuenue, e pili ana i ka esophagus, ka ʻōpū, ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, ka ʻōpū nui (cecum, appendix, colon, rectum a me ka anal canal), ke akepaʻa, ka pancreas, a pēlā aku, a me ke colorectum i nā maʻi kanesa hou ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. No ke ala ʻai ke kanesa a me ke kanesa gastric ʻelua, no laila pono e makaʻala ʻia nā maʻi kanesa e pili ana i ke ala ʻai a pono e hoʻokō ʻia ke kumumanaʻo "ʻekolu mua".
I ka makahiki 2020, ua hōʻea ka nui o nā hihia maʻi kanesa hou ma koʻu ʻāina i 4.5 miliona, a ʻo ka nui o nā make i ke kanesa he 3 miliona.He awelika o 15,000 mau kānaka i ʻike ʻia he maʻi kanesa i kēlā me kēia lā, a he 10.4 mau kānaka i ʻike ʻia he maʻi kanesa i kēlā me kēia minuke. ʻO ka lima, ʻo ia ka maʻi kanesa o ka māmā(e helu ana no 17.9% o nā maʻi kanesa hou a pau),ka maʻi ʻaʻai colorectal (12.2%), ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū (10.5%),ka maʻi ʻaʻai umauma (9.1%), a me ke kanesa akepaʻa (9%). Ma waena o nā maʻi ʻaʻai ʻelima kiʻekiʻe wale nō,ʻO 31.7% o nā maʻi kanesa hou a pau he maʻi ʻōpū.Hiki ke ʻike ʻia e pono kākou e makaʻala nui aku i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū.
Eia ka paʻi 2020 (ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūikawā no ka noiʻi ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi puʻupuʻu Chang Beihui o ka poʻe) e pili ana i ka hoʻolālā pale ʻana i ka ʻeha o ke ala ʻōpū a me ka nānā ʻana:
Ka maʻi ʻaʻai colorectal
1.ʻO ka poʻe ʻaʻohe hōʻailona ma luna o 1.45 mau makahiki;
2. Nā kānaka ma luna o 240 me nā hōʻailona anorectal no ʻelua pule:
3. Nā maʻi me ka ulcerative colitis no ka manawa lōʻihi;
4.4 poʻe ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai colorectal;
5. ʻO ka heluna kanaka ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka adenoma colorectal;
6. Nā ʻohana pili me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai colorectal
7. Nā ʻohana pili o nā poʻe maʻi i loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai colorectal hoʻoilina i ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 mau makahiki
1. Hālāwai ka Nānā ʻana o ka "Helu Kanaka Laulā" me 1-5:
(1) Hoʻomaka ka nānā ʻana i ke kanesa colorectal i ka makahiki 45, me ka nānā ʻole i ke kāne a i ʻole ka wahine, ʻike ʻia ke koko fecal occult (FOBT) i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki
ʻO Colonoscopy i kēlā me kēia 10 mau makahiki a hiki i ka 75 makahiki;
(2) ʻO ka poʻe i piha i ka makahiki 76-85, a me ke olakino maikaʻi, a me ka poʻe me ke ola lōʻihi ma mua o 10 mau makahiki, hiki ke hoʻomau i ka mālama ʻana i ka mea hoʻonaninani.
2 E like me ka "noiʻi lapaʻau o nā ʻohana pili me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai colorectal:
(1) 1 hoahānau kekelē mua me ka adenoma kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka ʻeha (ʻoi aku ka makahiki o ka hoʻomaka ʻana ma mua o 60 mau makahiki), 2
Nā hoahānau kekelē mua a ʻoi aku me ka adenoma kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ke kanesa (ʻo kēlā me kēia makahiki o ka hoʻomaka ʻana), e hoʻomaka ana i ka makahiki 40 (a i ʻole e hoʻomaka ana i 10 mau makahiki ʻōpio ma mua o ka makahiki o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lālā ʻōpio loa o ka ʻohana), hoʻokolokolo FOBT i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki, hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia 5 makahiki Colonoscopy;
(2) Nā mea pilikia kiʻekiʻe me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā hoahānau mua (hoʻokahi wale nō, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makahiki o ka hoʻomaka ʻana ma mua o 60 mau makahiki):
E hoʻomaka i ka nānā ʻana i ka makahiki 40, me kahi hoʻāʻo FOBT i kēlā me kēia makahiki a me kahi colonoscopy i kēlā me kēia ʻumi makahiki. 3 Ka nānā ʻana i nā lālā o ka ʻohana o ka "hereditary colorectal cancer" e hālāwai ana 7;
No nā ʻohana o nā maʻi me FAP a me HNPCC, ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka gene ke maopopo ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka gene ma ka hihia mua o ka ʻohana.
(1) No ka poʻe me ka hoʻāʻo hoʻololi gene maikaʻi, ma hope o 20 mau makahiki, pono e hana ʻia kahi colonoscopy i kēlā me kēia 1-2 mau makahiki; (2) No ka poʻe me ka hoʻāʻo hoʻololi gene maikaʻi ʻole, pono e nānā ʻia ka heluna kanaka. 4 mau ʻano i manaʻo ʻia no ka nānā ʻana:
(1) ʻO ka hoʻāʻo FOBT + ka noiʻi inter-volume ke ʻano nui o ka noiʻi Han, a ua lawa nā hōʻike:
(2) ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ke koko me nā genes multi-target e kōkua paha i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pololei o ka helu ʻana, a he pipiʻi ke kumukūʻai; (3) Inā ʻae nā kūlana, hiki ke hana ʻia ka nānā ʻana ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano hana ʻōpala a me ke koko.
1. Hiki i ka hoʻoikaika kino ke hōʻemi pono i ka hanana o nā ʻōpū, e pili i ke alakaʻi haʻuki, a ʻauʻau e pale aku i ka momona;
2. Meaʻai olakino no ka lolo, hoʻonui i ka ʻai ʻana i ka fiber maka a me nā huaʻai hou, a pale i nā meaʻai momona a me nā protein kiʻekiʻe;
3 Hiki i nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory a me nā lāʻau anticancer ʻaʻole kino ke kūleʻa i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi ʻōpū. Hiki i ka poʻe ʻelemakule ke hoʻāʻo i ka aspirin haʻahaʻa, kahi e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia o nā maʻi cardiovascular a me cerebrovascular a me ke kanesa ʻōpū. E kūkākūkā me ke kauka no ka hoʻohana kikoʻī.
5. E hōʻemi i ka puhipaka e pale aku i kona ʻawahia lōʻihi a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka mumū iā Qinghua Dao.
Ka maʻi ʻōpū
ʻO kēlā me kēia mea i loaʻa i kekahi o kēia mau kūlana he mea pilikia kiʻekiʻe ia;
1. Ma luna o 60 mau makahiki;
2 ʻO ka gastritis atrophic waena a koʻikoʻi;
3. ʻEha ʻōpū mau loa;
4. Nā polyps o ka ʻōpū;
5. Hōʻailona pelu nui o ka mucosa ʻōpū;
6. ʻŌpū koena ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana no nā maʻi maikaʻi ʻole;
7. ʻŌpū i koe ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana i ka maʻi ʻōpū (6-12 mau mahina ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana);
8. Ka maʻi Helicobacter pylori;
9. He moʻolelo ʻohana maopopo o ke kanesa ʻōpū a i ʻole ke kanesa esophageal;
10. Anemia ʻino:
11. ʻO ka polyposis adenomatous familial (FAP), ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai colon non-polyposis hoʻoilina (HNPCC).
ʻO ka poʻe ma luna o 40 mau makahiki me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka distension o ka ʻōpū, ka regurgitation waikawa, ka heartburn a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ka epigastric discomfort, a me ka gastritis mau loa, gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia, gastric polyps, remnant stomach, giant gastric fold sign, chronic gastric ulcer and gastric epithelial atypia Hyperplasia a me nā lesions ʻē aʻe a me nā mea me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o nā tumors e pono e hana i ka gastroscopy maʻamau e like me nā ʻōlelo a ke kauka.
1. E hoʻokumu i nā ʻano ʻai olakino a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka papaʻai, ʻaʻole e ʻai nui;
2. Ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka maʻi Helicobacter pylori;
3. E hōʻemi i ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai anu, ʻala, wela loa, a me nā meaʻai paʻakikī, a me nā meaʻai paʻakai kiʻekiʻe e like me ka puhipaka a me ka ʻūlū ʻia
4. E ho'ōki i ka puhipaka;
5. E inu iki a ʻaʻole paha e inu i ka waiʻona paʻakikī;
6. E hoʻomaha a hoʻomaha me ke kūpono
Ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻōpū
Makahiki > 40 a hālāwai me kekahi o nā kumu pilikia ma lalo nei:
1. Mai ka wahi i loaʻa nui ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal ma koʻu ʻāina (ʻo ka wahi paʻa loa o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal ma koʻu ʻāina aia ma nā panalāʻau ʻo Hebei, Henan a me Shanxi ma ka hema o ka mauna ʻo Taihang, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma ke Kalana ʻo Cixian, ma Qinling, Dabie Mountain, ʻākau ʻo Sichuan, Fujian, Guangdong, ʻākau ʻo Jiangsu, Xinjiang, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā hui ʻāina a me nā mea olaola ma nā wahi i loaʻa nui ai ka maʻi);
2. Nā hōʻailona o ka ʻōpū o luna, e like me ka nausea, ka luaʻi ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka regurgitation waikawa, ka ʻeha ʻai a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe;
3. Ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka ʻeha esophageal:
4. Ke ʻeha nei i ka maʻi precancerous esophageal a i ʻole nā ʻeha precancerous:
5. Loaʻa i nā kumu pilikia kiʻekiʻe no ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal e like me ka puhipaka, ka inu nui ʻana, ke kaumaha nui, makemake nui i ka meaʻai wela, squamous cell carcinoma o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī a i ʻole ke ala hanu;
6. Ke ʻeha nei i ka maʻi reflux periesophageal (CERD);
7. Ka maʻi papillomavirus kanaka (HPV).
ʻO nā kānaka i ka pilikia nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal:
1. ʻO ka endoscopy maʻamau, hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia ʻelua makahiki;
2 Endoscopy me nā ʻike pathological o ka dysplasia akahai, endoscopy hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki;
3 Endoscopy me nā ʻike pathological o ka dysplasia moderate, endoscopy i kēlā me kēia ʻeono mahina
1. Mai puhi paka a i ʻole e hoʻōki i ka puhi paka;
2. He ʻuʻuku ka waiʻona a i ʻole ka waiʻona ʻole;
3. E ʻai i kahi meaʻai kūpono, e ʻai i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu hou
4. Hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻoikaika kino a mālama i ke kaumaha olakino;
5. Mai ʻai i ka meaʻai wela a inu paha i ka wai wela.
Ka maʻi ʻaʻai ate
ʻO nā kāne ma luna o 35 mau makahiki a me nā wahine ma luna o 45 mau makahiki ma kekahi o nā hui ma lalo nei:
1. Ka maʻi hepatitis B mau (HBV) a i ʻole ka maʻi hepatitis C mau (HCV);
2. ʻO ka poʻe me ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepaʻa;
3. Nā maʻi me ka cirrhosis akepaʻa i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka schistosomiasis, ka waiʻona, ka cirrhosis biliary mua, a pēlā aku;
4. Nā maʻi me ka hōʻino ʻia o ke akepaʻa e ka lāʻau lapaʻau;
5. Nā maʻi me nā maʻi metabolic hoʻoilina, me: hemochromatosis a-1 antitrypsin deficiency, glycogen storage disease, delayed cutaneous porphyria, tyrosinemia, etc.;
6. Nā maʻi me ka maʻi hepatitis autoimmune;
7. Nā poʻe maʻi maʻi momona ʻole (NAFLD)
1. Pono e noiʻi ʻia nā kāne ma luna o 35 mau makahiki a me nā wahine ma luna o 45 mau makahiki me ka pilikia nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai akepaʻa;
2. Hoʻohui ʻia ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) a me ka ate B-ultrasound, nānā ʻana i kēlā me kēia 6 mahina
1. Ka lāʻau pale Hepatitis B;
2. Pono nā poʻe maʻi me ka maʻi hepatitis mau e loaʻa i ka lāʻau antiviral i ka wā hikiwawe e kāohi i ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka maʻi hepatitis
3. E hōʻalo a hōʻemi paha i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona;
4. E ʻai i kahi meaʻai māmā a hoʻēmi i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai momona
5. E pale i ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai ʻōpala.
Ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic
ʻO nā kānaka ma luna o 40 mau makahiki, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma luna o 50 mau makahiki, me kekahi o kēia mau kumu (ʻaʻole hoʻonui ka mea ʻeono i ka pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pancreatic, akā ʻaʻole hana ʻia ka nānā ʻana):
1. Ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ke kanesa pancreatic a me ka maʻi diabetes;
2. Aia kahi moʻolelo o ka puhipaka lōʻihi, ka inu ʻana, ka ʻai momona a me ka protein kiʻekiʻe;
3. ʻO ka piha ʻana o ka ʻōpū waena a me luna, ka ʻeha ʻole, ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū me ke kumu ʻike ʻole ʻia, a me nā hōʻailona e like me ka nalowale o ka makemake, ka luhi, ka maʻi diarrhea, ka pohō kaumaha, ka ʻeha kua haʻahaʻa, a pēlā aku;
4. Nā hanana pinepine o ka pancreatitis mau loa, ʻoi aku ka pancreatitis mau loa me nā pōhaku duct pancreatic, ka papilloma mucinous ʻano pancreatic nui, ka adenoma cystic mucinous, a me ka maʻi pseudopapillary paʻa, me ka serum CA19-9 kiʻekiʻe;
5. Ka hoʻomaka koke ʻana o ka maʻi diabetes mellitus me ka ʻole o ka mōʻaukala ʻohana;
6. Helicobacter pylori (HP) maikaʻi, mōʻaukala o ka periodontitis waha, PJ syndrome, a pēlā aku.
1. Nānā ʻia nā kumuhana i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna me nā hopena o nā hoʻāʻo koko o nā māka tumor e like me CA19-9, CA125 CEA, a pēlā aku, i hui pū ʻia me ka CT abdominal a me MRI, a hiki i ka B-ultrasound ke hāʻawi i ke kōkua kūpono;
2. Hoʻokolokolo CT a i ʻole MR i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki no ka heluna kanaka i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ʻoiai ka poʻe me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana a me nā ʻeha pancreatic e kū nei
1. E ho'ōki i ka puhi paka a me ka kaohi ʻana i ka waiʻona;
2. Paipai i kahi ʻai māmā, maʻalahi ke ʻeli ʻia, a haʻahaʻa ka momona;
3. E ʻai i nā moa, iʻa a me nā ʻōpae, a paipai i ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea kanu pua "+", e like me ka kāpeti ʻōmaʻomaʻo, kāpeti, radish, broccoli, a pēlā aku;
4. Paipai i nā hana aerobic waho
5. I mea e pale ai i ka ʻino ʻana o nā ʻeha maikaʻi ʻole, ʻo ka poʻe me nā pōhaku duct pancreatic, intraductal mucinous papilloma a me cystic adenoma a i ʻole nā ʻeha pancreatic maikaʻi ʻole ʻē aʻe e pono e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau i ka manawa kūpono.
ʻO mākou, ʻo Jiangxi Zhuoruihua Medical Instrument Co., Ltd., he mea hana ma Kina e loea ana i nā mea hoʻopau endoscopic, e like meʻO nā forceps biopsy, hemoclip, polyp snare, nila sclerotherapy, catheter pīpī, nā pulumu cytology, alakaʻi uea, hīnaʻi hoʻihoʻi pōhaku, catheter hoʻokahe biliary ihu, a pēlā aku.i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma EMR, ESD, ERCP. Ua hōʻoia ʻia kā mākou huahana e CE, a ua hōʻoia ʻia kā mākou mau mea kanu e ISO. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia aku kā mākou waiwai i ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, Hikina Waena a me kahi ʻāpana o ʻAsia, a loaʻa nui ka mea kūʻai aku i ka ʻike a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia!
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-09-2022